In mid-June 2014, Iran, according to American and British information, started flying drones over Iraq, and, according to Reuters, Iranian soldiers were in Iraq fighting IS. Later, there were also minor interventions by some states against IS-affiliated groups in Nigeria and Libya. In response to rapid territorial gains made by the Islamic State during the first half of 2016, and its universally condemned executions, reported human rights abuses and the fear of further spillovers of the Syrian Civil War, many states began to intervene against it in both the Syrian Civil War and the War in Iraq. Mohammed Islambouli (Leader of Khorasan) Ību Omar al-Turkistani † (TIP and al-Nusra military commander) Radullan Sahiron (Co-Leader of Abu Sayyaf)Ību Khayr al-Masri † (al-Qaeda deputy leader) Ību Jaber (Leader of Tahrir al-Sham, 2017)Ību Mohammad al-Julani (Leader of the al-Nusra Front, Tahrir al-Sham (2017–present)) ISIL loses all remaining territory in Syria in March 2019 Ību Ayman al-Iraqi † (Head of Military Shura) Ību Suleiman al-Naser † (Replacement Military Chief) Ību Muslim al-Turkmani † (Deputy Leader, Iraq) Ību Omar al-Shishani † (Chief commander in Syria) Ību Muhammad al-Kadari † (ISIL commander of the North Caucasus)Ību Nabil al-Anbari † (former ISIL commander of North Africa) Ībubakar Shekau † (ISIL Emir of West Africa) Ību Abdullah al-Filipini (ISIL Emir of the Philippines and Co-Leader of Abu Sayyaf) †.
ISIL loses all territory in Iraq and most territory in Syria in December 2017.ISIL controlled 5.67% of Syria's land by November 2017 and around 3% of Iraq by October 2017.Boko Haram loses territory, but his insurgency continues.ISIL lost all of its territory in Libya.Emergence of independently-governed Kurdish regions.ISIL controlled around 50% of Syria by late May 2015.ISIL controlled around 40% of Iraq at its peak in mid-2014.Thousands of civilians executed by ISIL forces in Iraq and Syria.Terrorist attacks in Paris ( Jan 2015 and Nov 2015), Brussels ( Mar 2016) and many other places.Millions of civilians in Iraq and Syria flee their homes, sparking a refugee crisis.Arming and supporting local ground forces.
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